The short answer
Google says local results are mainly based on relevance, distance and popularity, and that there is no way to pay for a better local ranking. To rank on Maps, verify your Business Profile, complete every field accurately, pick the most specific primary category, earn genuine reviews and reply to them, and follow Google's name and address rules.
What Are Google's Local SEO Ranking Factors?
Google names three. Its Business Profile help page says "local results are mainly based on relevance, distance, and popularity," and describes the third under the heading prominence.
Two of the three you can work on. Distance is where the searcher is, which you cannot change.
What is relevance?
Google defines it as "how well a Business Profile matches what someone is searching for." Your categories, services and description are how Google judges the match, which is why a complete profile matters.
What is distance?
"Distance refers to how far each business is from the customer who's searching." If the searcher does not share a location, Google uses what it knows about where they are.
What is prominence, or popularity?
How well known the business is. Google says this is "based on info like how many websites link to your business and how many reviews you have," and that "more reviews and positive ratings can help your business's local ranking."
Can You Pay Google to Rank Higher on Maps?
No. Google says "there's no way to request or pay for a better local ranking on Google."
What Google does reward is completeness: "Businesses with complete and accurate info are more likely to show up in local search results." Verification matters too, because it tells Google you are authorized to represent the business.
How Does Your Primary Category Affect Ranking?
Directly. Google says "the categories you select affect your local ranking on Google." The primary category is the single most important choice on the profile, so pick the most specific one that describes what the business is, then add secondary categories for real additional lines of business.
Do not stretch it. Google's guidelines say "do not use categories solely as keywords or to describe attributes of your business." A pizzeria that also delivers is a pizzeria, not a delivery service.
Do Reviews Help You Rank, and Which Review Tactics Are Banned?
Yes, and the rules are strict. Review count and rating feed prominence, so a steady flow of genuine reviews helps. Two common tactics break Google's policy:
- Review gating. Google prohibits merchants who "discourage or prohibit negative reviews, or selectively solicit positive reviews from customers." Asking only happy customers for a review is gating.
- Incentives. Google bans offering "payment, discounts, free goods and/or services" in exchange for a review, or for changing or removing a negative one.
What happens if a business is caught with fake reviews?
Google removes them and can go further. It says a Business Profile "will display a warning to let consumers know that fake reviews were removed," which costs more trust than the reviews ever earned.
What Profile Mistakes Push You Down or Get You Suspended?
Three come up most often in Google's guidelines.
- Keyword stuffing the name. "Including unnecessary information in your business name isn't permitted, and could result in the suspension of your Business Profile." Use the name on your signage.
- Showing an address you do not serve customers at. "If you're a service-area business, you should hide your business address from customers."
- Drawing the service area too wide. Google says it "shouldn't extend farther than about 2 hours of driving time from where your business is based."
What Should a Local Business Do This Month?
Fix the profile before chasing anything else: verify it, set the right primary category, fill in every field, and reply to reviews. Then ask every customer for a review, not only the happy ones, using a simple text or email after the job. The field-by-field checklist is in how to optimize a Google Business Profile.
Batch Marketing does this work for local businesses: profile cleanup, review replies, and review requests that run automatically from the CRM to every customer. See the plan for your industry.
Commonly Asked Questions
What are the three local ranking factors on Google?
Google says local results are mainly based on relevance, distance and popularity, which it also calls prominence.
Can I pay Google for a better Maps ranking?
No. Google says there is no way to request or pay for a better local ranking.
Do more Google reviews improve local ranking?
Google says more reviews and positive ratings can help a business's local ranking. They must be genuine: incentives and asking only happy customers both break Google's policy.
Should a service-area business show its address on Google?
No. Google says a service-area business should hide its address from customers and keep its service area within about two hours of driving time.
Sources
- Google Business Profile Help: Tips to improve your local ranking on Google
- Google Business Profile Help: Guidelines for representing your business on Google
- Google Business Profile Help: Manage your business category
- Google Maps User Generated Content Policy: Prohibited and restricted content
- Google Business Profile Help: Business Profile restrictions for policy violations
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